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Response of the plasmasphere
to enhanced convection
The results of a computer simulation of the evolution of the
plasmasphere (dark grey region) during a 12-hour period
following the onset of a geomagnetic storm. The view is of
the equatorial plane as seen from a position above the
Earth's north pole. The Sun is to the right. The dashed line
indicates the position of the magnetopause; the solid line
identifies the location of geosynchronous orbit. After one
hour, increased convection has begun to transport plasma in
the dusk-afternoon sector outward and sunward toward the
magnetopause. After 6 hours, the plasmasphere has
contracted, and a broad region of entrained plasma extends
to the magnetopause and spans most of the afternoon-dusk
sector at geosynchronous orbit. As convection weakens, this
extended plume narrows and begins to rotate eastward with
the Earth (panel d). Although the model illustrates the gross
features of plasmaspheric evolution, it does not capture the
complex structure of the outlying plasma regions that have
been eroded from the main body of the plasmasphere.
Source: Elphic, R. C., et al., Evolution of
plasmaspheric ions at geosynchronous orbit during times of
high geomagnetic activity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2189,
1996
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